Howard Schachman (1918–2016)

Nonpharmaceutical Influenza Mitigation Strategies, US Communities, 1918–1920 Pandemic1

We studied nonpharmaceutical interventions used to mitigate the second, and most deadly, wave of the 1918-1920 influenza pandemic in the United States. We conclude that several small communities implemented potentially successful attempts at preventing the introduction of influenza.

Reconstruction of the 1918 Influenza Virus: Unexpected Rewards from the Past

The influenza pandemic of 1918-1919 killed approximately 50 million people. The unusually severe morbidity and mortality associated with the pandemic spurred physicians and scientists to isolate the etiologic agent, but the virus was not isolated in 1918. In 1996, it became possible to recover and sequence highly degraded fragments of influenza viral RNA retained in preserved tissues from sever...

A Missed Summer Wave of the 1918–1919 Influenza Pandemic: Evidence From Household Surveys in the United States and Norway

Background.  Reanalysis of influenza survey data from 1918 to 1919 was done to obtain new insights into the geographic and host factors responsible for the various waves. Methods.  We analyzed the age- and sex-specific influenza morbidity, fatality, and mortality for the city of Baltimore and smaller towns and rural areas of Maryland and the city of Bergen (Norway), using survey data. The Maryl...

Calculi of the Urinary Tract as Seen in a British General Hospital in India

The first three were admitted in June 1918; the fourth in July 1918 ; tbe fifth in September 1918; and the sixth in December 1918. The first case refused operation, but the other five were operated on and the calculi removed. I am not going to give a detailed account of these cases as I only wish to draw attention to the main points of interest here. A table is added at the end giving a few det...

Medical Diary, 1918